However, racing engines seek to avoid these uneven exhaust pressure pulses, to maximize the power output. When separate exhaust systems are used for each bank of cylinders, this uneven pulsing results in the rumbling sound that is typically associated with V8 engines. A typical firing order of L-R-L-L-R-L-R-R (or R-L-R-R-L-R-L-L) results in uneven intake and exhaust pulse spacing for each bank. The iconic rumbling exhaust sound produced by a typical cross-plane V8 engine is partly due to the uneven firing order within each of the two banks of four cylinders. The cross-plane crankshaft has the four crank pins (numbered from the front) at angles of 0, 90, 180, and 270 degrees, which results in a cross shape for the crankshaft when it is viewed from one end. Most V8 engines fitted to road cars use a cross-plane crankshaft, since this configuration produces less vibration due to the perfect primary balance and secondary balance. The 8-cylinder versions of the 1945–1966 EMD 567 diesel locomotive engine also used a V-angle of 45 degrees.Ĭrankshaft configuration Cross-plane crankshaft The 1932 Miller four-wheel drive racing cars used a V8 engine with a V-angle of 45 degrees. The Lancia Trikappa, Lancia Dilambda, and Lancia Astura, produced 1922–1939, used narrow angle V8 engines (based on the Lancia V4 engine) with V-angles of 14-24 degrees. Other V-angles have been used occasionally. The Rolls-Royce Meteorite tank engine also used a 60 degree V-angle, since it was derived from the 60 degree Rolls-Royce Meteor which in turn was based on the famous Rolls-Royce Merlin V12 engine.
To reduce the vibrations caused by the unbalanced 60 degree V-angle, the Volvo engines used a balance shaft and offset split crankpins. Both the Ford and Volvo engines were used in transverse engine chassis, which were designed for a front-wheel-drive layout (with on-demand all-wheel drive system in the case of the Volvos). The Ford engine used a 60 degree V-angle because it was based on a V6 engine with a 60 degree V-angle.
V8 engines with a 60 degree V-angle were used in the 1996–1999 Ford Taurus SHO, the 2005–2011 Volvo XC90, and the 2006–2009 Volvo S80. This angle results in good engine balance, which results in low vibrations however, the downside is a larger width than V8 engines that use a smaller V-angle. The majority of V8 engines use a V-angle (the angle between the two banks of cylinders) of 90 degrees. 1917 Liberty L-8- an aircraft engine with a V-angle of 45°
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